Debian 国内常用镜像源
Debian 通常会按照一定的规律每隔一段时间发布一个新稳定版。 对每个稳定发行版本,用户可以得到三年的完整支持以及额外两年的长期支持。及时获取更新是对系统安全的尊敬,可以避免一些安全问题。换源或者增加源,还有一个好处就是比如你当前是Debian10(buster),有些软件在Debian 11(bullseye)里才是最新版,那我们追加一个bullseye源可以及时获取最新的软件。
Debian发行版目录
下一代 Debian 正式发行版的代号为 bookworm — 测试(testing)版 — 发布日期尚未确定
Debian 11 (bullseye) — 当前的稳定(stable)版
Debian 10(buster) — 当前的旧的稳定(oldstable)版
Debian 9(stretch) — 更旧的稳定(oldoldstable)版,现有长期支持
Debian 8(jessie) — 已存档版本,现有扩展长期支持
Debian 7(wheezy) — 被淘汰的稳定版
Debian 6.0(squeeze) — 被淘汰的稳定版
Debian GNU/Linux 5.0(lenny) — 被淘汰的稳定版
Debian GNU/Linux 4.0(etch) — 被淘汰的稳定版
Debian GNU/Linux 3.1(sarge) — 被淘汰的稳定版
Debian GNU/Linux 3.0(woody) — 被淘汰的稳定版
Debian GNU/Linux 2.2(potato) — 被淘汰的稳定版
Debian GNU/Linux 2.1(slink) — 被淘汰的稳定版
Debian GNU/Linux 2.0(hamm) — 被淘汰的稳定版
被淘汰的 Debian 正式发行版的网页信息已被原封不动地保留,但是这些发行版本身只能在单独的存档中找到(我觉得也没有人敢用被淘汰的稳定版吧?)。
本文以Debian 10源为例。
一、更新系统安装源
一般我们修改 /etc/apt/sources.list 文件,将 Debian 的默认源地址改成新的地址即可,比如将 http://deb.debian.org 改成中科大的 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn,可使用以下这条命令:
sed -i ‘s#https://mirrors.163.com#https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn#g’ /etc/apt/sources.list
注意,如果安装源是 https 协议的,我们还需要安装软件包 apt-transport-https。执行 apt-get install apt-transport-https,随后再执行 apt-get update 即可。使用https地址,可以避免国内运营商的缓存劫持等,还是有必要使用的,当然你也可以不用。
(此处有个“鸡生蛋蛋生鸡的问题”,apt-transport-https要安装也要源,,,可能还和DNS有关,这个就看各位自行决定怎么操作了)
替换源地址之后请先 apt-get update 更新一下源信息,不然执行一些软件更新是无效的。
二、Debian 10 国内常用镜像源
腾讯云镜像站
deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib deb https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib deb-src https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
阿里云镜像站
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security buster/updates main contrib non-free
华为云镜像站
deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
163镜像站
deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates main non-free contrib deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports main non-free contrib deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib
中科大镜像站(推荐第一)
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
上海交大镜像站(推荐第二)
deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
清华大学镜像站(推荐第三)
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
兰州大学镜像站
deb https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
北京外国语大学镜像站
deb https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
北京交通大学镜像站
deb https://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
南京大学镜像站
deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
哈尔滨工业大学
deb https://mirrors.hit.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.hit.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.hit.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb https://mirrors.hit.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.hit.edu.cn/debian/ buster main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.hit.edu.cn/debian/ buster-updates main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.hit.edu.cn/debian/ buster-backports main contrib non-free deb-src https://mirrors.hit.edu.cn/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
Debian 全球镜像站:https://www.debian.org/mirror/list
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